Global Warming (Source Wikipedia & Sciencedaily.com)
March 2008 State rankings for precipitation. Dark red indicates record driest March, and dark green, record wettest for the month.
Mean surface temperature anomalies during the period 1995 to 2004 with respect to the average temperatures from 1940 to 1980 The average global air temperature near the Earth's surface increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the hundred years ending in 2005. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes "most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-twentieth century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic (man-made) greenhouse gas concentrations" via an enhanced greenhouse effect. Natural phenomena such as solar variation combined with volcanoes probably had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times to 1950 and a small cooling effect from 1950 onward.
These basic conclusions have been endorsed by at least thirty scientific societies and academies of science,including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries.While individual scientists have voiced disagreement with some findings of the IPCC,The Royal Society asserts that the overwhelming majority of scientists working on climate change agree with the IPCC's main conclusions.[9][10]
Climate model projections summarized by the IPCC indicate that average global surface temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to 6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F) during the twenty-first century.This range of values results from the use of differing scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions as well as models with differing climate sensitivity. Although most studies focus on the period up to 2100, warming and sea level rise are expected to continue for more than a thousand years even if greenhouse gas levels are stabilized. The delay in reaching equilibrium is a result of the large heat capacity of the oceans.
Increasing mean global temperature is expected to cause sea level to rise, an increase in the intensity of extreme weather events, and significant changes to the amount and pattern of precipitation. Other expected effects of global warming include changes in agricultural yields, modifications of trade routes, glacier retreat, species extinctions and increases in the ranges of disease vectors.
Remaining scientific uncertainties include the amount of warming expected in the future, and how warming and related changes will vary from region to region around the globe. Most national governments have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but there is ongoing political and public debate worldwide regarding what, if any, action should be taken to reduce or reverse future warming or to adapt to its expected consequences.
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Formula 1: 60 Years of Silverstone
Silverstone is a quiet, medium sized village in Northamptonshire, England. It has a population of approximately 2,000 people, yet once a year it is home to over 100,000 F1 loving fans. The masses descend upon the village usually in late June or early July and this is where any shop, post office, hotel, or B&B in the village increases its weekly turnover 50 fold come pay day.
Silverstone circuit is built on an old World War II bomber base, RAF Silverstone. The airfield's three classic runways in triangle formation can still be seen from a bird’s eye view of the circuit. It was built in 1943 and then five years later was awarded the British Grand Prix for the very first time in 1948.
It’s been regularly the home of the British GP but it hasn’t always been a permanent fixture, sharing the spoils with Brands Hatch and Aintree. Yes, you heard me right, Aintree, the place where horses will more commonly be seen racing in the current day. However, Silverstone has been a permanent fixture since 1987.
Did you know? - Silverstone has the honour of being the track in the first-ever race of the first-ever World Championship back in 1950.
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Sri Lanka storm into final

Sri Lanka 332 for 8 (Jayasuriya 130, Sangakkara 121) beat Bangladesh 174 (Raqibul 52, Nazimuddin 47, Muralitharan 5-31) by 158 runs
As birthday bashes go, this was pretty special, with Sanath Jayasuriya bludgeoning Bangladesh into submission as Sri Lanka sauntered into the Asia Cup final. Kumar Sangakkara's elegant 121, just 24 hours after a century against Pakistan, was the supporting act, and with Muttiah Muralitharan at his supple-wristed best with the ball, Bangladesh were brushed aside by a massive 158 runs. Nazimuddin and Raqibul Hasan showed some defiance, but even against an attack missing Lasith Malinga and Farveez Maharoof, 333 was never on.
Some of the Bangladesh players were still in diapers when Jayasuriya made his debut, and they must have felt as helpless as babies when he celebrated his 39th birthday with the fluent shot-making and power-hitting that typified his halcyon years. He raced to a century off only 55 balls, and though it turned out to be a two-man show, Sri Lanka still had enough to pull off their fourth successive win of the tournament.
Having added 201 with Sangakkara in only 27.5 overs, Jayasuriya finally ran out of puff in the Karachi heat. A poor delivery from Alok Kapali was lofted to deep cover where Tamim Iqbal took the catch. There was scarcely any joy from the fielders, because by then Jayasuriya had pounded 130 off only 88 balls, with a heady rhythm of cuts, pulls and drives.
Sangakkara carried on though, having been reprieved by Kapali off his own bowling on 51. He drove beautifully down the ground and made good use of both the orthodox sweep and the slogged version. Occasionally, he would also come down the track and loft the ball over the infield, and Bangladesh appeared bereft of options.
When Jayasuriya lashed Mashrafe Mortaza's opening delivery past point for four, it appeared to be a sign of things to come, but with Shahadat Hossain bowling a maiden first-up, Bangladesh conceded only 20 in the first five overs. The trouble started after that, with Jayasuriya dusting off his pull stroke and driving over the infield with immense power.
Sangakkara wasn't to be left behind, piercing the packed off-side field cleverly occasionally, but after a while he gave up trying to keep pace. Jayasuriya was unstoppable. When the bowlers dropped short, he would pull over midwicket. If they were too full, the disdainful flick was unveiled. Too much width and the hoardings behind the point boundary were battered with short-arm cuts. And if all that wasn't punishment enough, he would also jump down the pitch before lashing the ball over the covers.
The half-century took only 31 balls, and when Abdur Razzak came on, he was taken for 19 runs in his second over. Two crisp fours off Farhad Reza and a single to long leg later, he had a century, the 26th of an illustrious career. Sangakkara, who had caressed some lovely drives himself, was the perfect foil, and Bangladesh's cause wasn't helped when Mushfiqur Rahim fluffed a catch behind the stumps off Razzak right after Jayasuriya had got his hundred.
His eventual departure, after slamming 16 fours and a mere six sixes, did stem the tide though, with the other batsmen unable to support Sangakkara. Mahela Jayawardene eased to 20 before pulling a long hop from Kapali to midwicket and neither Chamara, Kapugedera or Silva, could get going. Tillakaratne Dilshan was run out by a direct hit from Raqibul, and when Razzak finally sneaked one under Sangakkara's defence, Bangladesh had managed a comeback of sorts. But thanks to their openers becoming only the 18th pair to score centuries in the same game, Sri Lanka were nearly out of sight by then.
Bangladesh were notionally in the contest till the halfway stage of their innings, with Nazimuddin and Raqibul playing some fine strokes in the face of an imposing asking-rate. Nazimuddin took his time to settle, but then launched into some delightful cuts and drives. Ajantha Mendis, who had bamboozled the Pakistanis, was thumped for a four and a six, and only a miscommunication with Raqibul saw him run out when in sight of a half-century.
By then, he had already seen Tamim and Mohammad Ashraful, the side's leading lights, depart. With Chaminda Vaas and Nuwan Kulasekara giving nothing away early on, Tamim quickly became restless, and a tame nibble at a Vaas delivery was easily taken by Dilshan, deputising for Sangakkara behind the stumps.
Ashraful came in and took three fours off a Vaas over, but then had one of those brain-fades that he's become prone to. He was in no sort of position to try and pull Thilan Thushara, and the top-edge came down into Dilshan's hands.
But with Raqibul starting in strokeful fashion and Nazimuddin determined to tilt at windmills, the run-rate quickly soared, with Thushara coming in for harsh treatment. Nazimuddin's dismissal, halted the charge though, and after that it was all about Murali.
Mushfiqur edged one to slip and Kapali was trapped in front by a doosra. Raqibul's brave innings was curtailed by another that went the wrong way, and Razzaq cleaned up going for the sweep. When Mortaza top-edged a sweep, he had five wickets for the ninth time in ODIs. It may sometimes be a young man's game, but it was the old hands that blew the candles out on Bangladesh.
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Music: Lionel Richie- The Definative Collection
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Hack Book
I have numerous hack books. Here, download this e-book for Hacking. I will upload the hack-books and other technology books as well. You can also request a book for download.
Click Here to download the Hack-book
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E-books
I have completed reading this book, "The Looming Tower" Al-QAEDA and road to 9/11 by Lawrence Wright.
If anyone interested reading the book,
Click Here to download the e-book.
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England chief Miller backs Collingwood
Geoff Miller, England's national selector, said Friday there was no reason why Paul Collingwood should not return as captain of the England one-day team after his four-game ban. That International Cricket Council (ICC) suspension, for being in charge of an England team that was twice slow with its over-rate during the past 12 months, starts with Saturday's ODI series finale against New Zealand at Lord's. But it was not England's sub-standard over-rate at The Oval on Wednesday, where New Zealand won a dramatic one-wicket victory off the last ball, that placed a question mark against Collingwood's captaincy. The Durham all-rounder's failure to recall Grant Elliott, run-out after a collision with England quick Ryan Sidebottom, led to widespread criticism although Collingwood did admit after the match he'd made a mistake. However, former England off-spinner Miller told Sky Sports he expected Collingwood would resume the captaincy of the one-day side when his ban expired. "I don't think there is any uncertainty whatsoever. "We have to wait to see how things progress." England play four Tests against South Africa, games for which the 32-year-old Collingwood remains eligible, before he is obliged to sit out August's one-off ODI against Scotland and the lone Twenty20 and first ODI with the Proteas. "He (Collingwood) is a quality player, will be involved in the Test arena and will come back into the equation when we start talking about the one-dayers," Miller said. "I see no reason why he shouldn't come back as captain but we will have to assess things when the time arises. "Colly was captain of the one-day (team), he is not allowed to play in the next four so we will cross the bridge when we come to it. It is all ifs and buts. We will discuss that when the time comes." Turning to the run-out contoversy, Miller said this would not be held against Collingwood. "He had to make a split-second decision. He made a decision and in the cold light of day realised it might have been the wrong decision. He has accepted that and has apologised so hopefully that issue is now closed." Kevin Pietersen, who will captain in Collingwood's absence at Lord's, in a match England must win to end the series level at 2-2, said Friday: "We should have helped the skipper out, there's no way Colly should have 'gone down'. It's all our fault." But he added match referee Javagal Srinath, the former India fast bowler, had little choice but to impose a four-game ban. "That's the rules, there's nothing Javagal could have done. We should have helped Colly out a lot more."
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Australia thrash undisciplined Windies
Australia 213 for 5 (Hussey 62, Clarke 56) beat West Indies 140 for 8 (Chanderpaul 45*, Clarke 3-26) by 63 runs
Michael Hussey and Michael Clarke showed West Indies how to apply themselves on a difficult pitch but their hosts ignored the lesson and threw away wickets when the going got tough, handing Australia a comprehensive 63-run Duckworth/Lewis win. When the rain came after 26 overs West Indies' hopes were already dashed and at the resumption they needed a ridiculous 146 more off 14 overs, ensuring Australia took a 2-0 series lead.
The victory came because of two men. On a surface that was sluggish and offered tricky seam movement, Hussey and Clarke compiled a restrained and at times soporific century partnership that allowed Australia to reach 213 for 5 after they had wobbled to 35 for 3. West Indies fell to an almost identical 41 for 3 in the chase but whereas Hussey and Clarke went into Test mode and focused on batting out the overs, West Indies' middle order showed as much patience as a hand grenade.
Australia's attack adopted a stump-to-stump style that suited the conditions and while Shivnarine Chanderpaul displayed his customary resolve, his partners exhibited no such commonsense. Dwayne Bravo had 3 from 21 deliveries when he was frustrated into lofting Shane Watson's slower ball to Hussey at deep midwicket and West Indies were 49 for 4.
Patrick Browne was equally unable to find the gaps and with 1 from 18 balls he edged Clarke to first slip, where Cameron White took a superb diving chance on the second grab. If the situation was not dire enough, Kieron Pollard came in and from his second ball played the worst shot of the lot. In a situation that required a slow and steady consolidation, Pollard went over the top and lobbed Clarke straight down the throat of Watson at long off, much to the frustration of his older, wiser partner.
At the time Chanderpaul had worked hard for 13 from 42 deliveries and when rain halted play one over later, it at least delayed the embarrassment for West Indies. Their revised target, 204 runs from 41 overs, was unattainable and Chanderpaul finished unbeaten on 45 while Clarke ended up with 3 for 26. If little went right for West Indies in the first ODI in St Vincent, there were even fewer positives in Grenada.
Their chase got away to the worst possible start when Brett Lee found Xavier Marshall's edge from the first delivery of the innings. The ball flew low and to the right of Luke Ronchi, who made a good take to give him the perfect introduction behind the stumps in his first ODI. Lee was once again in fine form, seaming the ball effectively and often beating the bat of both Andre Fletcher and Chris Gayle.
A watchful Gayle did not get off the mark until his 13th ball and although a calm and composed innings was required, the captain set a poor example for his troops by miscuing an attempted pull off Mitchell Johnson to Ricky Ponting at mid off. It was a disappointing shot selection, though not as bad as that of Fletcher, who tried to pull a James Hopes delivery that was far too full, and lost his off stump.
The difference between their approach and that of Australia could not have been more stark. Clarke and Hussey knew that after a shaky start - Jerome Taylor and Daren Powell jagged the ball around early and picked up three handy wickets - runs were not their immediate concern. Accordingly, they added only eight runs in the first ten overs of their partnership. Until Clarke drove Darren Sammy back down the ground in the 26th over, there had been no boundaries for 104 deliveries. But Clarke and Hussey are both smart runners between the wickets and they were largely responsible for the fact that 94 of Australia's 213 runs came in singles.
Plenty of comfortable ones and twos were on offer when the spinners operated and if runs weren't exactly leaking there was at least a nagging drip that Gayle needed to deal with. He was not helped by his fielders, who seemed to switch off after the early enthusiasm. Browne was sloppy behind the stumps and Bravo made a meal of what should have been a catch at first slip when Clarke was on 30 and facing Sulieman Benn. Bravo inexplicably moved right, trying to anticipate the cut shot rather than watching the ball, and he failed to get a hand on one that would have gone straight to him had he stayed still.
It was a costly mistake as Clarke went on to sweep and cut a few boundaries in his half-century, which came off 87 deliveries. He eventually fell for 56, struck in line by a straighter Benn ball that he was trying to work through midwicket as Australia gradually tried to lift their rate. Hussey picked up the pace with a six swept over midwicket off Benn and, appropriately given the hard grind for most of his innings, brought up his half-century with a thick edge that flew away for four to third man.
When Hussey holed out to long on for 62 from 105 deliveries his job was done. He had set a solid platform so the lower order could attack and White finished unbeaten on 40 from 39 balls while Hopes added a run-a-ball 17. The allrounders, who might have been under undue pressure had they come in earlier, had an easy task after the Clarke and Hussey partnership, which was worth 100 off 29 overs.
It also gave Ponting, in his 300th ODI, some justification after choosing to bat on a pitch with some moisture. His run of big milestone innings ended when he chipped a catch to short midwicket for 13, out to Taylor for the fifth time in his past six international innings. Australia had already lost Shaun Marsh and Watson, who waited 15 minutes for the first over due to yet another tedious sightscreen fault that did little for West Indies' image after a similar ridiculously long wait in Barbados. In the end it was a batting malfunction that really damaged West Indies' reputation.
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Amazing Formula1 Facts
- The highest speed a Formula One car can travel at is around 375 kph and Monza is the only circuit where such speeds are likely to be touched.
- Carbon brake discs and pads generate surface temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees Celsius.
- There are more than 1000 parts in the cars.
- One engine is used only for two races.
- The tyres are changed for every 0.1mm wear.
- A Formula One driver loses an average of two kgs during a grand prix. He can lose upto 1.5 litres of fluid during a hot race.
- During the Monaco Grand Prix, cars change gears around 3,100 times.
- The fuel supply to the car during a pitstop is 75 litres per second.
- Formula One cars can accelerate from standstill to 200 kph and back again in less than seven seconds.
- Briton Damon Hill was the last driver to win without leading a lap in Belgium , 1994 after Michael Schumacher was disqualified.
- Argentina's Juan Manuel Fangio 46 years, one month and 11 days old, was the oldest world champion in 1957.
- Italian Giancarlo Fisichella was the last driver to win a race after leading only the final lap in Brazil in 2003.
- Briton Nigel Mansell is the only driver to have led every lap of a race except the last one in Canada in 1991.
- Brazilian Emerson Fittipaldi was the youngest world champion in 1972 at 25 years eight months and 29 days.
- Briton Jenson Button was the youngest points scorer in 2000 at the age of 20 and two months.
- Jochen Rindt from Austria was the only posthumous world champion in 1970.
- Frenchman Phillippe Etancelin was the oldest points scorer in 1950 at the age of 53 years, eight months and six days.
- Spain's Fernando Alonso is the youngest race winner in 2003 at the age of 22 years and 26 days.
- Briton Stirling Moss has the most career wins (16) without winning a championship. Finnish Keke Rosberg was champion in 1982 with a single win.
- Ferrari's test driver, Italy's Luca Badoer has made the most race starts (50) without scoring a point.
- The oldest race winner was Italian Luigi Fagioli in 1951, aged 53 years and 22 days.
- The driver to make the most starts (208) without a win is Italy's Andrea de Cesaris.
- New Zealand's Mike Thackwell was the youngest started in 1980 at the age of 19 years, 5 months and 29 days.
- Italy’s Riccardo Patrese started the most races (256), with Schumacher coming second with 212.
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PIT BABES 2008 F1 France
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